They’re made from ceramic, glass (including borosilicate glass), and plastic.
Both. Some listings are for single mugs while others are sold as 2-piece sets.
Heights range roughly from about 3.5 inches for the small double-wall cups up to about 11.0 inches for taller travel-style tumblers.
Capacities range from about 7.4 ounces up to 32 ounces, with several common sizes around 14–18 ounces and the 7.4 oz double-wall cup listed as the smallest option.