Most universal TV remotes use infrared (IR). Many models also support radio frequency (RF) and Bluetooth capabilities.
Universal remotes typically control TVs plus other audio/video equipment such as Blu‑ray/DVD players, soundbars, cable or satellite receivers, and many are designed to operate smart streaming devices.
Common setup methods include preprogrammed/no-programming models, automatic code search, direct code entry by brand or code, and brand-search scanning.
Some remotes include built-in voice control or hands-free activation. Options vary by model and can include push-to-talk buttons, hands-free voice commands, and voice-set personal shortcuts.
Some remotes include a lost-remote finder (voice- or app-based) and private-listening options such as a headphone jack for personal audio.
Infrared (IR) remotes require a clear line of sight to the TV's IR sensor for reliable operation; a strong IR signal can still reach across the room if not blocked.