Legitimating Violence: Military Operations Within Brazilian Borders - (Critical Security Studies in the Global South) by David P Succi Junior

Book Synopsis

The book challenges the main theoretical assumption on the military-police distinction, grounding works on contemporary military missions and security policies, and provides tools to overcome the analytical hindrances posed by the traditional framework. It is argued that the question to be asked to understand the deployment of the armed forces within national borders refers less to the identification of an essential police and military activity and more to how the process of proposing and accepting the use of force takes place. That is, how a particular use of the state's instruments of lethality is legitimized. Legitimation is conceptualized as a communicative process in which a set of actors, through discursive practices, mobilize and articulate ideational resources within a particular social arrangement, reinterpreting and articulating them to make sense of a particular situation and justify a course of action, producing an apparent consensus. The book presents an analytical framework to address processes of violence legitimation, designed to provide a tridimensional view of the interplay between actors, ideas, and social arrangement, dissecting how the line of the acceptable use of force is shaped and stabilized. It is applied to Brazil, specifically, to three major military domestic operations - Operation Rio (1994-1995), Operation Arcanjo (2010-2012), and Operation Rio de Janeiro (2017-2018). Brazil has a history of internal military deployment, and the selected operations are relevant in terms of troops' number, duration, and publicity. The book proceeds through the analysis of parliamentary sessions, media coverage, and public discourses uttered by presidents, ministers, and military leaders. It is of interest to different readerships, contributing to the debate on legitimacy and IR, critical approaches to International Security, Military Studies, and Civil-Military Relations. It also provides an empirical contribution to scholars focused on Brazil, Latin America, and armed forces in the Global South. Finally, the research underpinning the book won the prize of best 2023 PhD dissertation in Political Science and International Relations in Brazil, granted by the Brazilian Ministry of Education.

From the Back Cover

The book challenges the main theoretical assumption on the military-police distinction, grounding works on contemporary military missions and security policies, and provides an analytical framework that goes beyond the traditional inside-outside perspective. It is argued that to understand the domestic deployment of the armed forces - as well as other forms of state violence - one has to move beyond the effort of identifying essential police and military activities and ask how the process of drawing and redrawing the line of the acceptable use of force unfolds. The book presents an analytical framework to empirically address processes of violence legitimation, which are conceptualized as a communicative dynamic in which actors mobilize and articulate parameters of legitimation, ideational sources, and rhetorical strategies to forge an apparent consensus about the (un)acceptability of a particular form of violence. It is designed to provide a tridimensional view of the interplay between actors, ideas, and the social arrangement. The framework is applied to Brazil, which has a long history of internal military deployment. The book proceeds by analysing parliamentary sessions, media coverage, and public discourses uttered by presidents, ministers, and military leaders on three major military domestic operations - Operation Rio (1994-1995), Operation Arcanjo (2010-2012), and Operation Rio de Janeiro (2017-2018). It contributes to the literature on legitimacy and IR, critical approaches to International Security, Military Studies, and Civil-Military Relations in the Global South. The research supporting this book won the Capes Thesis Award 2023, as the best PhD dissertation in Political Science and International Relations, granted by the Brazilian Ministry of Education.

David Paulo Succi Junior is Postdoctoral Fellow at the Institute of Public Policies and International Relations of the São Paulo State University, funded by The São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). He holds a PhD in International Relations and is Associated Researcher at the Defense and International Security Study Group (GEDES).

About the Author

David Paulo Succi Junior is Postdoctoral Fellow at the Institute of Public Policies and International Relations of the São Paulo State University, funded by The São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). He holds a PhD in International Relations and is Associated Researcher at the Defense and International Security Study Group (GEDES) was a visiting researcher at the University of Ottawa's Graduate School of Public and International Affairs. Won the Capes Thesis Award 2023 in Political Science and International Relations, the main academic graduate prize in Brazil. The author was Lecture in International Relations at Sergipe Federal University and São Paulo State University. The author published articles in important journals in the field of International Relations and International Security, such as Armed Forces and Society, Critical Military Studies, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, Defence Studies, and Globalizations.