Common ingredients appearing across product listings fall into a few groups: herbal extracts (chamomile, elderberry, propolis), essential oils or aromatic components (peppermint oil), saline (sodium chloride), and sweeteners/thickeners (agave syrup, honey).
Products are commonly offered as topical chest rubs/ointments, liquid syrups or drops, and saline nasal sprays or throat sprays/mists.
Typical instructions describe tilting the head, inserting the nozzle into one nostril, depressing the actuator until the spray fills the passage and drains, then repeating for the other nostril. Product details describe sterile saline mists as gentle enough for frequent use, including for babies labeled 0 months+.